What is genetic testing & how does it work

What is genetic testing & how does it work

Your DNA is like an instruction manual for your body; it influences everything from how you process nutrients to your risk of hair loss or acne. With modern science, we can now read parts of that manual through genetic testing. 

Genetic testing doesn’t just satisfy curiosity. It can provide personalised insights into your health, wellness, and ageing process, helping you take preventative steps and make lifestyle changes backed by science. 

In this guide, we’ll break down what genetic testing is, how it works, explore the advantages and disadvantages, and look at the kinds of insights it can offer for health and wellness. 

What is genetic testing? 

Genetic testing is the process of analysing your DNA to identify small variations, known as genetic markers, that influence health, traits, and ageing. 

These variations don’t determine your destiny, but they can highlight tendencies — such as whether you’re more likely to develop acne, how your body metabolises nutrients, or whether your hair follicles are genetically predisposed to thinning. 

Common reasons people choose genetic testing include: 

  • Health screening – spotting predispositions before symptoms appear.
  • Wellness planning – tailoring diet, fitness, and lifestyle based on DNA.
  • Anti-ageing strategies – understanding cellular ageing for proactive care.
  • Family insights – understanding hereditary patterns. 

General practitioner Dr Rahmana says, "Many people choose Smart Salem's specialised DNA tests to gain a proactive understanding of their unique genetic predispositions, whether it’s to optimise their nutrition, support healthy aging, or address specific concerns like hair loss and skin health."

How genetic testing works 

While it might sound complex, the process is simple for the patient. Here’s how it works: 

  1. Sample collection At Smart Salem, this step is quick and non-invasive, via a cheek swab. 

  1. Lab analysis – The DNA sample is processed using advanced sequencing or genotyping technology to identify genetic markers. 

  1. Result interpretation – A detailed report is generated, highlighting predispositions and tendencies. With Smart Salem, results are always paired with professional guidance so they can be translated into practical lifestyle or treatment recommendations. 

At-home kits vs. clinical testing 

  • At-home kits: Convenient but often limited in scope, and results may not be backed by professional interpretation.
  • Clinical testing: Conducted in accredited labs, providing greater accuracy, secure handling of data, and medical consultation to explain results and next steps. 

Advantages of genetic testing 

When done through a reputable provider, genetic testing offers several benefits: 

1. Early detection of health risks 

DNA can reveal predispositions long before symptoms arise. For example, Smart Salem’s Age Well Package measures telomere length to estimate biological ageing, highlighting risks linked to lifestyle and guiding proactive changes. 

2. Informed lifestyle and wellness decisions 

Smart Salem’s Nutrition Package identifies how your body responds to specific nutrients. Insights into vitamin absorption, fat metabolism, or intolerances can help you refine your diet for better energy, immunity, and long-term health. 

3. Connection with ancestry and heritage 

The Acne Profile reveals genetic and hormonal factors behind breakouts, while the Hair Loss Profile identifies predispositions to alopecia and how you may respond to treatment. Both empower patients with tailored solutions instead of generic trial-and-error. 

4. Guidance for family planning and medical care 

Unlike a blood test that captures one moment in time, your DNA remains constant. This means results can guide long-term decisions — from choosing skincare routines to preventing premature ageing. 

Dr Rahmana says, "Our Smart Salem DNA tests offer the advantage of delivering highly personalised insights that empower individuals to make targeted solutions that help you eat smarter, age healthier, and care for your skin and hair more effectively."

Disadvantages of genetic testing 

Like any tool, genetic testing has limitations and considerations: 

1. Privacy and data security concerns

Your DNA is sensitive information. Always choose providers like Smart Salem, which ensure strict confidentiality and never share results without consent. 

2. Potential for anxiety or emotional distress 

Learning about health predispositions, such as accelerated cellular ageing or higher acne risk, can be unsettling. Professional guidance is essential to put findings into context. 

3. Risk of misunderstanding results 

Without expert interpretation, it’s easy to misread results. For example, a “predisposition” doesn’t mean certainty. Reports should always be reviewed with medical professionals. 

4. Possible insurance or employment implications 

Although many regions have legal protections against genetic discrimination, it’s important to understand local laws before testing. 

Is genetic testing right for you? 

Before deciding, ask yourself: 

  • What is my purpose? – Are you looking to improve diet, address skin concerns, slow ageing, or manage hair health?
  • Am I choosing a reputable provider? – Look for accredited labs and expert consultation.
  • Do I need genetic counselling? – For complex findings, consultation ensures results are meaningful. 

If your focus is on nutrition, skin health, ageing, or hair loss, Smart Salem’s DNA services provide targeted, actionable insights. 

Conclusion: making the most of your DNA insights 

Genetic testing is about more than uncovering traits — it’s about using science to personalise health and wellness. From understanding your nutrient needs to tailoring anti-ageing plans, DNA testing provides insights that can improve daily choices and long-term outcomes. 

Smart Salem combines accredited testing with expert guidance, ensuring your results are secure, accurate, and actionable. Whether it’s hair loss, acne, nutrition, or ageing, Smart Salem turns complex genetic data into practical steps for better living. 

FAQs 

What is the main purpose of genetic testing? 

The primary goal of genetic testing is to provide insight into your DNA, identifying variations that influence your health, wellbeing, and ageing. At Smart Salem, this purpose is directly applied through services such as the Nutrition Package (optimising your diet), the Acne Profile (understanding acne predispositions), the Hair Loss Profile (identifying causes of alopecia), and the Age Well Package (measuring cellular ageing). Instead of generic results, these services focus on practical health outcomes that you can act on immediately. 

How accurate is genetic testing? 

When performed in accredited laboratories, genetic testing is highly reliable. Accuracy levels are above 99% for identifying specific genetic markers. However, accuracy doesn’t mean “prediction.”

For example, a test might show you are predisposed to hair loss or acne, but whether those conditions develop will also depend on lifestyle, environment, and other health factors. This is why Smart Salem pairs testing with expert consultations, ensuring results are correctly interpreted and personalised. 

Can genetic testing predict all diseases? 

No, genetic testing cannot predict every possible disease. It highlights predispositions, tendencies in your DNA that may increase or decrease your risk. For example, the Age Well test can reveal telomere shortening (a marker of biological ageing), but it cannot guarantee whether or when a specific age-related condition will develop.

Similarly, the Nutrition Package can identify reduced vitamin absorption but does not replace clinical diagnostics. Genetic testing should be seen as a powerful guide, not a crystal ball. 

What happens to my DNA data after testing? 

This is one of the most common concerns. At Smart Salem, all DNA samples and results are handled with strict confidentiality. Data is securely stored and never shared with third parties without your consent. Patients also receive clear explanations of privacy policies before testing. In short: your DNA data remains your own, protected by medical data standards and UAE regulations. 

Is genetic testing safe for children? 

Yes, the testing process itself, usually a cheek swab or saliva sample, is completely safe and non-invasive. However, whether it’s useful for children depends on the context. For example, acne predisposition testing may be helpful for teenagers, while age-related testing is more relevant for adults. In all cases, results should be reviewed with a healthcare professional to ensure the information is interpreted responsibly.